This short summary is written with Scientists in mind, and explains some of the central ideas of Physics and how they can be better understood from this foundation of the Metaphysics of Space (existing as a continuous Wave-Medium) and the Wave Structure of Matter.

Modern Physics evolved from Newton's Mechanics, and is still largely founded on the concepts of particles and fields in space and time. Further difficulties arise because both light and matter exhibit a particle / wave duality, and there are two main fields, charge / electromagnetic and mass / gravity. While this is still a little simplistic, it makes the point that we have a number of different concepts without any clear understanding of how they are connected. This causes numerous problems for Human knowledge (and society), as we do not understand the necessary connections between these many things we experience. And as David Hume made clear, without this knowledge of necessary connection between things that exist we can have no causal theory of knowledge, leaving the Sciences founded on Induction from repeated observation which is always uncertain (rather than deduction from metaphysical principles which is certain);

Experience only teaches us, how one event constantly follows another; without instructing us in the secret connexion, which binds them together, and renders them inseparable. (David Hume)

So how do we solve these problems? I think the simplest way to explain this is to list these central concepts of physics, show which path Albert Einstein took to try and unite them from a common foundation (which he failed to do), and then demonstrate from the most simple foundation (founded on One thing Space existing as a Wave Medium) how we can finally unite these concepts in a meaningful way that describes reality without paradox or contradiction. Now I know that most of you will be very skeptical of such a big claim, but the solution is pretty simple and obvious once known so I hope you will persevere (and it is concise / short!).

Central Concepts of Modern Physics

Newton's Mechanics - Space, Time, Matter as Particles with 'Mass', Force = Mass by Acceleration.
Continuous Electromagnetic Field Theory (Faraday, Maxwell, Lorentz, Einstein / Relativity) - Matter as Particles with 'Charge', Continuous Spherical Electromagnetic Fields, Light as Vector Electromagnetic Waves, Gravitational Fields (local theory - all matter interactions limited by velocity of light c)
Discrete Quantum Theory (Planck, Einstein, de Broglie, Schrodinger, Born) - Light as Discrete Particles (Photons), Scalar Waves, Probability Waves, Particle Wave Duality (Light & Matter), Quantum Entanglement (apparently non local theory - appear to be instantaneous matter interactions).

While this is still a little simplistic, you can see how confusing Physics becomes when you have so many concepts, some of which clearly contradict others (e.g. light and matter behave as both particles and waves, discrete particles and continuous fields, local and non local interactions). Albert Einstein attempted to simplify this mess with his 'field theory of matter' where he discarded the 'particle' concept and tried to represent matter as spherical fields in space-time, as he writes;

Physical objects are not in space, but these objects are spatially extended (as fields). In this way the concept 'empty space' loses its meaning. ... The field thus becomes an irreducible element of physical description, irreducible in the same sense as the concept of matter (particles) in the theory of Newton. ... The physical reality of space is represented by a field whose components are continuous functions of four independent variables - the co-ordinates of space and time. Since the theory of general relatively implies the representation of physical reality by a continuous field, the concept of particles or material points cannot play a fundamental part, nor can the concept of motion. The particle can only appear as a limited region in space in which the field strength or the energy density are particularly high. (Albert Einstein, 1950)

When forced to summarize the general theory of relativity in one sentence:
Time and space and gravitation have no separate existence from matter. (Albert Einstein)

Now there are a number of Problems with Albert Einstein's Field Theory of Matter, as he was well aware, and which, late in his life, caused him to write to his friend Michael Besso expressing his frustration;

All these fifty years of conscious brooding have brought me no nearer to the answer to the question, 'What are light quanta?' Nowadays every Tom, Dick and Harry thinks he knows it, but he is mistaken. … I consider it quite possible that physics cannot be based on the field concept, i.e., on continuous structures. In that case, nothing remains of my entire castle in the air, gravitation theory included, [and of] the rest of modern physics. (Albert Einstein, 1954)

In hindsight it is easier to understand Einstein's error - the clue is that Quantum Theory's discovery of the wave properties of matter did not occur until 1928, whereas Einstein's continuous electromagnetic field foundations were developed from 1905 to 1916 based largely on the ideas of James Clerk Maxwell (Maxwell's Equations, 1870s) and Lorentz's Theory of the Electron (1900). So basically his mistake was to work with fields in space-time (mathematical) rather than real waves in Space (physical), largely because he did not have knowledge of the Wave properties of matter when he developed his Theory of Relativity.

In terms of the Metaphysical foundations of Physics, the central error has been to try and describe reality from the Many material things we experience, matter 'particles'. (i.e. Science, which is empirically founded). And even though Einstein rejected the 'particle', his field theory of matter is still founded on this priority of matter (that matter's field interactions cause the effect of space and time).
However, Metaphysics has known for several thousand years that it is necessary to describe reality from One thing existing to explain matter's interconnection in Space and the Universe. As Aristotle, Leibniz and Bradley write;

The first philosophy (Metaphysics) is universal and is exclusively concerned with primary substance. ... And here we will have the science to study that which is, both in its essence and in the properties which, just as a thing that is, it has. (Aristotle, 340BC)
Reality cannot be found except in One single source, because of the interconnection of all things with one another. ... I do not conceive of any reality at all as without genuine unity. (Gottfried Leibniz, 1670)
We may agree, perhaps, to understand by Metaphysics an attempt to know reality as against mere appearance, or the study of first principles or ultimate truths, or again the effort to comprehend the universe, not simply piecemeal or by fragments, but somehow as a whole. (Bradley, 1846-1924)

By abiding by this central rule of Metaphysics and describing Reality in Terms of One thing existing, Space, and its Properties as a Wave Medium for Spherical Standing Waves that form Matter, we find a very simple solution to all of the above problems of Physics (again this is a big claim, but this website does explain many of these things). Basically Einstein is correct, Matter is a Spherically Spatially extended structure of Space (there is no 'particle') though most importantly we have simplified Einstein's ideas from;

Matter as Continuous Spherical Fields in Space-Time
to
Matter as Spherical Waves in Continuous Space.

Significantly, we have now decreased the number of concepts from Einstein's 5 (continuous, spherical, fields, space, time) where there is no clear understanding of how they are connected, down to 4 concepts (spherical, waves, continuous, space) where we can clearly connect these four things back to One thing existing, Space, and its Properties as a Wave Medium for Spherical Waves that form matter. And after you have studied philosophy and metaphysics for a while, you come to realise that this solution to the most central and profound of all problems, the Problem of the One and the Many, of how the many things are caused and connected by the One thing then enables you to explain and solve numerous other problems that this lack of knowledge of necessary connection caused.

And from this dynamic unity of reality it is quite simple to show that:
The discrete 'particle' effect of matter is caused by the Wave-Center of the Spherical Standing Waves (the diagram shows that this is an obvious solution to the particle / wave duality of matter!).
The discrete 'particle' effect of light is caused by discrete Standing Wave Interactions / Resonant Coupling. Time is caused by Wave Motion (as spherical wave motions of Space which cause matter's activity and the phenomena of time).
Forces / Fields are caused by wave interactions of the Spherical In and Out Waves with other matter in the universe which change the location of the Wave-Center (and which we 'see' as a 'force accelerating a particle').
Quantum Entanglement is likewise caused by the Interaction between the In and Out-Waves and all the other matter in the universe, thus matter is always subtly connected to other matter in the universe (i.e. matter is large not small, we only see the Wave-Center and have been deceived by its 'particle' effect). However, Einstein's 'Locality' is correct, all matter to matter interactions are limited by the velocity of Waves in Space.

Of most significance (the real beauty of this solution) is that not only does it solve the problems of  Albert Einstein's Theory of Relativity, but it also solves the basic problems of Quantum Physics (Quantum Theory / Wave Mechanics (founded on Wave Equations) and Cosmology (uniting finite matter & universe with infinite eternal space - The Big Bang Theory being founded on a basic error). See below for more details.